Northern NJ is known for its harsh cold winters, and furnace heaters are a go-to solution for keeping your home warm, comfortable, and energy-efficient without breaking the bank. But what happens when your furnace stops working? How do you maintain it to extend its lifespan? What are some common issues to be aware of? And what’s the difference between a furnace and a boiler?
First, What’s the Difference Between a Furnace and a Boiler?
Furnaces heat air. They warm air inside a heat exchanger and distribute it through ductwork to rooms via floor registers, wall vents, or ceiling diffusers.
Boilers heat water. Hot water circulates through radiators or baseboards, radiating heat into rooms. The choice between a furnace and a boiler depends on installation type, maintenance expectations, and long-term operating costs.
What Are Common Gas Furnace Failures?
Gas furnaces operate through a defined sequence of operations. Over time, individual components wear down and may fail if not addressed early.
Ignition or Pilot Problems
- Faulty ignitor or malfunctioning pilot light (older systems)
- Signs: No heat, clicking sounds, frequent cycling
Flame Sensor Issues
- Safety device that shuts gas off if ignition fails
- Signs: Furnace starts but immediately shuts down
Clogged Filters
- Restricted airflow causes overheating and safety shutdowns
- Signs: Furnace runs briefly, then shuts off
Blower Motor Failure
- Airflow stops, heat builds near heat exchanger
- Signs: Short cycling, overheating
Thermostat Issues
- Incorrect placement or calibration issues
- Fix: Verify settings and recalibrate if needed
Limit Switch & Roll-Out Flame Switch
- Protects against overheating and flame roll-out
- Often signals serious underlying problems like airflow restriction or cracked heat exchanger
Safety Note: Except for basic filter replacement, furnace diagnostics should be handled by trained technicians due to fire and carbon monoxide risks.
Energy Sources for Furnaces in Northern NJ
In Northern NJ, approximately 82% of furnaces use natural gas, followed by oil, electric, and propane systems. The most cost-effective option varies by property and availability.
Natural Gas
- Most common and widely available
- Produces ~1,050 BTUs per cubic foot
- Parts availability is generally excellent
Electric Furnaces
- Lower upfront cost, minimal maintenance
- High operating cost due to electricity prices
- Best suited for limited-use homes
Oil Furnaces
- Higher heat density than natural gas
- Requires regular maintenance and fuel deliveries
Propane
- Common in rural areas without gas lines
- Produces ~2,500 BTUs per cubic foot
- Requires scheduled fuel deliveries
Furnace Maintenance Items
Annual furnace maintenance is often required for warranty coverage and plays a major role in efficiency and longevity.
- Replace air filters regularly based on usage and air quality
- Check thermostat operation and calibration
- Inspect ducts and vents for airflow restrictions
- Annual professional tune-up to identify issues early
What Is the Life Expectancy of a Furnace?
Unmaintained furnaces typically last 10–15 years. Properly maintained systems often reach 15–25 years of service life.
What to Check If Your Furnace Goes Out
- Check breaker, power switch, and safety shutoffs
- Inspect air filter for blockage
- Verify thermostat settings and batteries
- Confirm pilot light (if applicable)
- Ensure fuel supply is available
What Is the Most Expensive Part to Fix on a Furnace?
The heat exchanger is the most expensive component. A cracked heat exchanger is dangerous and can release carbon monoxide. Repair or replacement typically ranges from $1,500 to $3,500.